Question

how degree of ionisation is affected by nature of solvent

Answer 1

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The process of splitting of the molecules into ions of an electrolyte is called ionization. The fraction of the total number of molecules present in solution as ions is known as degree of ionization or degree of dissociation. It is denoted by

α =number of molecules dissociated into ionsTotal number of molecules
It has been observed that all electrolytes do not ionize to the same extent.
Some are almost completely ionized while others are feebly ionized. The degree of ionization depends on the nature of solvent.

Ions present in solution constantly re-unite to form neutral molecules and, thus, there is a state of dynamic equilibrium between the ionized the ionized and non-ionised molecules, i.e., AB ↔  A+ + B-
Any solvent which has high value of dielectric constant has the capacity of separating ions.
So with solvents of high dielectric constant, the degree of dissociation increases.
 
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