How demographic transition created demographic divide in contemporary india?
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Demographic transition (DT) refers to the change in the population structure of the country in line with the socio-economic and cultural transition. India in contemporary times has undergone unequal transitions – both temporally and spatially and thus a sort of demographic divide has emerged.
Demographic transition hasn’t been uniform. Kerala is in the ageing period with declining birth rates while the BiMaRU states are in the high birth periods. Indeed, most states in southern India are characterised by similar demography as developed countries and those in north lagging behind in most demographic indicators.
For instance, in sex-ration, Kerala fares high at 1043 while those in north like Punjab and Haryana are in 800s. Similarly, as per the age-structure, south has begun experiencing an inverted age-pyramid while north has a wide-base age pyramid. Another interesting feature is the work-participation which is exceptionally low in southern states like Kerala.
Also, we can experience an indirect correlation between the DT and its impact on the economic development as well. Southern states are more developed vis-à-vis the northern states. The south had been able to reap the demographic dividend which it gained earlier in time and it is now the turn of the northern states which is experiencing a huge bulge of the younger population in the 14-59 year age group. It is only when this is properly tackled through opportunities of education (for high literacy, women empowerment and corresponding high sex-ratio), skill development ( for better work participation) that the demographic divide can be tactfully removed.
Demographic transition hasn’t been uniform. Kerala is in the ageing period with declining birth rates while the BiMaRU states are in the high birth periods. Indeed, most states in southern India are characterised by similar demography as developed countries and those in north lagging behind in most demographic indicators.
For instance, in sex-ration, Kerala fares high at 1043 while those in north like Punjab and Haryana are in 800s. Similarly, as per the age-structure, south has begun experiencing an inverted age-pyramid while north has a wide-base age pyramid. Another interesting feature is the work-participation which is exceptionally low in southern states like Kerala.
Also, we can experience an indirect correlation between the DT and its impact on the economic development as well. Southern states are more developed vis-à-vis the northern states. The south had been able to reap the demographic dividend which it gained earlier in time and it is now the turn of the northern states which is experiencing a huge bulge of the younger population in the 14-59 year age group. It is only when this is properly tackled through opportunities of education (for high literacy, women empowerment and corresponding high sex-ratio), skill development ( for better work participation) that the demographic divide can be tactfully removed.
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