Question

How did Babur win the Battle of Panipat
against the larger army of Ibrahim Lodi?​

Answer 1

Answer:

• Ibrahim Lodi, made a big use of elephants in his army. As compared to this, horses of Mughal Cavalry were more active. Very often elephants wounded in battle used to run back trampling their own army men under their feet.
• Babur’s Army was better disciplined than the Indian Army. His soldiers knew how to stand in battle array and when to charge and when to retreat. On the other hand the Indian Soldiers moved more or less like a crowd and a little charge from the enemy side was enough to cause confusion among them. Their vast numbers were more a source of weakness than a source of strength. They were ill-organized, ill- trained and ill-disciplined.
• Babur took strategic positions as soon a he reached Panipat. He strengthened his position by resting one wing of his army in the city of Panipat which had a large number of houses, and protected the other by means of ditch filled with branches of trees. In front, he lashed together a large number of carts, to act as a defending wall. Between two carts, breastworks were erected on which soldiers could rest their guns and fire.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

Babur had field artillery and better tactics

Babur had guns and cannons, as the Mughals were one of the three Gunpowder Empires. Babur's guns proved decisive in battle, firstly because Ibrahim Lodi lacked any field artillery, but also because the sound of the cannon frightened Lodi's elephants, causing them to trample Lodi's own men.

The two new tactics introduced by Babur were the tulghuma and the araba. Tulghuma meant dividing the whole army into various units, that is, the Left, the Right, and the Centre. The Left and Right divisions were further subdivided into Forward and Rear divisions. Through this a small army could be used to surround the enemy from all the sides. The Centre Forward division was then provided with carts (araba) which were placed in rows facing the enemy and tied to each other with animal hide ropes. Behind them were placed cannons protected and supported by mantlets which could be used to easily maneuver the cannons.

These two tactics made Babur's artillery lethal. The cannons could be fired without any fear of being hit, as they were shielded by the bullock carts held in place by hide ropes. The heavy cannons could also be easily traversed onto new targets, as they could be maneuvered by the mantlets which were on wheels.

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