How did casteism in India cause a major problem for various people?
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The caste system in India is the paradigmatic ethnographic example of caste. It has origins in ancient India, and was transformed by various ruling elites in medieval, early-modern, and modern India, especially the Mughal Empire and the British Raj. It is today the basis of affirmative action programmes in India. The caste system consists of two different concepts, varna and jati, which may be regarded as different levels of analysis of this system.
The caste system as it exists today is thought to be the result of developments during the collapse of the Mughal era and the rise of the British colonial regime in India. The collapse of the Mughal era saw the rise of powerful men who associated themselves with kings, priests and ascetics, affirming the regal and martial form of the caste ideal, and it also reshaped many apparently casteless social groups into differentiated caste communities. The British Raj furthered this development, making rigid caste organisation a central mechanism of administration. Between 1860 and 1920, the British segregated Indians by caste, granting administrative jobs and senior appointments only to Christians and people belonging to certain castes, especially Brahmins and other upper castes. Social unrest during the 1920s led to a change in this policy in places like Bombay and Madras Presidencies. From then on, the colonial administration began a policy of positive discrimination by reserving a certain percentage of government jobs for the lower castes. In 1948, negative discrimination on the basis of caste was banned by law and further enshrined in the Indian constitution; however, the system continues to be practiced in India with devastating social effects.
Caste-based differences have also been practised in other regions and religions in the Indian subcontinent like Nepalese Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Judaism and Sikhism. It has been challenged by many reformist Hindu movements, Islam, Sikhism, Christianity, and also by present-day Indian Buddhism, especially Navayana.
New developments took place after India achieved independence, when the policy of caste-based reservation of jobs was formalised with lists of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. Since 1950, the country has enacted many laws and social initiatives to protect and improve the socioeconomic conditions of its lower caste population.
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ANSWER::::::::::::.
IN THE PAST FEW CENTURIES OR DECADES THE PEOPLE OF INDIA HAD BEEN TOLERATING TO NOT TOUCH THE POOR PEOPLE OR WE CAN SAY THOSE PEOPLE AS "UNTOUCHABLES".
THIS IS BECAUSE OF THE THINKING OF BIG OR WEALTHY PEOPLES ,THERE THINKING WAS LIKE THEY ARE SO BIG PEOPLE AND IF THEY TOUCH THE POOR PEOPLE THEY WILL BECOME VERY BAD IN THE THINKING OF OTHER PEOPLES & SO THEY WERE NOT ABELD TO COME IN THE CITIES BIG PLACES OR NOT TO PLAY WITH THE HIGH EDUCATED PEOPLE'S CHILDREN.
BUT NOT ALL PEOPLE WERE LIKE THOSE PEOPLE SOME GREAT PERSONS WERE ALSO BORN IN THIS WORLD SUCH AS B.R. AMBEDKAR
& MAHATMA GANDHI WHO TELL THESE PEOPLE AS HARIJANS WHO MADE A CONTRIBUTION TO THESE POOR PEOPLE.
AND NOW ALSO MANY PEOPLE ARE ALSO HERE IN THIS COUNTRY WHO MADE A CONTRIBUTION TO THESE PEOPLE THESE PEOPLE AND THEY CAN CHANGE THIS WORLD'S THINKING.
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