Question

How did different social groups participate in Civil Disobedience Movement? Explain with examples.(Delhi - 2014)

Answer 1

Answer:

hey mate here is your answer

Explanation:

Following were the participants of the Civil Disobedience Movement:

1. The rich peasant communities in the countryside such as the Patidars of Gujarat and the Jats of Uttar Pradesh were active in organizing their communities and sometimes forcing reluctant members to participate in the programmes. A drastic fall in prices and the impact of trade depression led to a fall in cash income for these communities. The problems further increased with the government's refusal of lowering down revenue demands. Overall, for them, the struggle for Swaraj was the fight against high revenues.

2. The poor peasantry was another group that participated in a variety of radical movements led by socialists and communists ranging from reduction in revenue demand to the cancellation of the unpaid rent to the landlord. As the trade depression continued and cash income dropped, they also faced problems relating to the payment of rent to the landlords.

3. The business classes participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement reacted against the colonial policies that restricted business activities. Their demands ranging from protection against imports of foreign goods to a rupee-sterling exchange ratio resulted in the formation of Indian Industrial and Commercial Congress (1920) and the Federation of the Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industries (1927), led by prominent industrialists like Purshottamdas Thakurdas and G.D. Birla. Giving financial assistance and refusing to buy and sell imported goods, they saw the movement as an opportunity for the trade and industry to flourish away from colonial constraints.

4. The participation of the industrial working class was overall minimal, except the Nagpur region. Thousands of workers in the Chota Nagpur tin mines wore Gandhian caps and participated in rallies and boycott campaigns. Movements against foreign goods, low wages, and poor working conditions were held. The railway workers and dock workers also organized strikes in 1930 and 1932 respectively.

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Answer 2

The following were the different social groups who

participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement with

different objectives:

a. The rich peasants were not able to pay the revenue

due to the trade depression, falling prices and

disappeared cash income and also the government

refused to reduce the revenue. Their notion for

Swaraj struggle was basically a struggle against

high revenue.

b. For the poor peasantry groups, the meaning of Swaraj was lowering the revenue demand and also

they wanted the unpaid rent to be remitted.

c. The Indian merchants and the industrialists

started opposing the colonial policies which

restricted their business to expand. They had

two demands — protection against the import of

foreign goods and a favorable exchange ratio of

rupee and sterling.

d. Some of the industrial workers participated in the

Civil Disobedience Movement were the Nagpur

industrial workers as part of their own movement

against the low wages and the poor working

conditions in the industries.

e. In the year 1930 and 1932, the railway workers

and the dock workers went on strike. The

Chhotanagpur tin mines workers also protested

in rallies wearing Gandhian caps and boycotted

the campaigns.

f. Women also participated in large scale in the Civil

Disobedience Movement during the Salt March by

Gandhiji. They belonged to the high caste families

from the urban areas and rich peasant households

from the rural areas. For them it was a sacred

duty to serve the nation.