how did hand print technology develop in europe.what was its impact
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Printing spread to Europe from China. During the 11th century, Europe started importing paper from China to prepare handwritten manuscript.Italy was the first European country to use Chinese hand printing technology. It was introduced into Italy by the great explorer Marco Polo in 1295 after he returned from China. From Italy, this technology spread to other parts of Europe.
The spread of printing technology had the following effects:
1.As woodblock printing spread in Europe, the demand for handwritten books declined. Such books were, besides being fragile, very expensive since copying by hand was an extremely laborious and time consuming process.
2.In 1439, there was a revolution in printing as Johann Gutenberg of Germany developed the first printing machine. He made moulds, using metal, for the letters of the alphabet and used these moulds for printing.
3.Between 1450 and 1550, Gutenberg’s printing technology spread all over Europe. The number of books printed exploded from 20 million in the second half of the 15th century to 200 million in the 16th century.
4. A craze for reading emerged and books also becam cheaper . It could be produced in ggreat quantities. satisfying the demands of the readers.Popular ballads and folk tales were published which even the illiterates could understand and enjoy listening from the literate folks.
5.It is due to printing people started to question about some aspects of religion.The Protestant Revolution in Christianity began due to the spread of print culture.The Roman Church got disturbed when new ideas emerged ad attacked the existing forms of faith.
6.The level of literacy increased in Europe due to the spread of printing and publishing of books. Periodicals, novels, almanac etc. became popular among he reading public.Ideas of scientists and great philosophers could now reach to the common people.The spread of printing was also one of the major reason for the outbreak of the French Revolution.
The spread of printing technology had the following effects:
1.As woodblock printing spread in Europe, the demand for handwritten books declined. Such books were, besides being fragile, very expensive since copying by hand was an extremely laborious and time consuming process.
2.In 1439, there was a revolution in printing as Johann Gutenberg of Germany developed the first printing machine. He made moulds, using metal, for the letters of the alphabet and used these moulds for printing.
3.Between 1450 and 1550, Gutenberg’s printing technology spread all over Europe. The number of books printed exploded from 20 million in the second half of the 15th century to 200 million in the 16th century.
4. A craze for reading emerged and books also becam cheaper . It could be produced in ggreat quantities. satisfying the demands of the readers.Popular ballads and folk tales were published which even the illiterates could understand and enjoy listening from the literate folks.
5.It is due to printing people started to question about some aspects of religion.The Protestant Revolution in Christianity began due to the spread of print culture.The Roman Church got disturbed when new ideas emerged ad attacked the existing forms of faith.
6.The level of literacy increased in Europe due to the spread of printing and publishing of books. Periodicals, novels, almanac etc. became popular among he reading public.Ideas of scientists and great philosophers could now reach to the common people.The spread of printing was also one of the major reason for the outbreak of the French Revolution.
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