how did John reach sivaji's durbar?
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Shivaji Bhonsale I was an Indian warrior-king and a member of the Bhonsle Maratha clan. Shivaji carved out an enclave from the declining Adilshahi sultanate of Bijapur that formed the genesis of the Maratha Empire. In 1674, he was formally crowned as the chhatrapati (emperor) of his realm at Raigad.
Shivaji I
Shakakarta (The Maker of an era)
Haindava Dharmodhhaarak
Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire
Shivaji British Museum.jpg
Shivaji's portrait (1680s) in the British Library
Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg 1st Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire
Reign
1674–1680
Coronation
6 June 1674
24 September 1674
Successor
Sambhaji
Born
19 February 1630
Shivneri Fort, Shivneri, Ahmadnagar Sultanate
Died
3 April 1680 (aged 50)
Raigad Fort, Raigad, Maratha Empire (present-day Maharashtra, India)
Spouse
Sai Bhonsale
Soyarabai
Putalabai
Sakvarbai
Kashibai Jadhav
Issue
Sakhubai Nimbalkar
Ranubai Jadhav
Ambikabai Mahadik
Sambhaji
Rajaram
Rajkumaribai Shirke
House
Bhonsle
Father
Shahaji
Mother
Jijabai
Religion
Hinduism
Over the course of his life, Shivaji engaged in both alliances and hostilities with the Mughal Empire, Sultanate of Golkonda and Sultanate of Bijapur, as well as European colonial powers. Shivaji's military forces expanded the Maratha sphere of influence, capturing and building forts, and forming a Maratha navy. Shivaji established a competent and progressive civil rule with well-structured administrative organisations. He revived ancient Hindu political traditions and court conventions and promoted the usage of Marathi language and Sanskrit, rather than the Persian language, in court and administration.
Shivaji's legacy was to vary by observer and time, but nearly two centuries after his death, he began to take on increased importance with the emergence of the Indian independence movement, as many Indian nationalists elevated him as a proto-nationalist and hero of the Hindus.