How did life on Earth started
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
The origin of life is one of the great mysteries in the Universe. To determine the origin of life, scientists are investigating the problem in several different ways. Some scientists are studying life on our own planet. Some scientists are seeking out life or fossil life on other planets or moons in our solar system. And other scientists are trying to detect life in other solar systems, either by measuring life's effects on the atmospheres of distant planets or by measuring artificial radiation like radio signals that may be produced by advanced life.
Thus far, the most fruitful approach has been to examine life on our own planet. However, even in our own backyard, it is difficult to determine life's origins because it began at least 3.5 billion years ago. We know that life began at least 3.5 billion years ago, because that is the age of the oldest rocks with fossil evidence of life on earth. These rocks are rare because subsequent geologic processes have reshaped the surface of our planet, often destroying older rocks while making new ones. Nonetheless, 3.5 billion year old rocks with fossils can be found in Africa and Australia. They are usually a mix of solidified volcanic lavas and sedimentary cherts. The fossils occur in sedimentary rocks.
Chemical traces of life have also been detected in slightly older rocks. In Greenland, a series of ancient metamorphosed sediments have been found. Analyses indicate the sediments were deposited about 3.8 billion years ago. They also revealed carbon isotope signatures that appear to have been produced by organisms that lived when the sediments were deposited.
In all cases, life as we understand it must have water. This general rule is true on Earth and is thought to be true elsewhere in the solar system. Currently, life is being sought on Mars where water may have once flowed on the surface and Europa where a subterranean sea of water may exist beneath its icy surface.
If one analyzes the genetic information in a variety of modern organisms living on Earth, one can begin to group and separate organisms based on their common (or disparate) properties. This type of analyses is intuitive at some levels. For example, most people recognize that mule deer and white tail deer are more closely related than mule deer and grizzly bears. Consequently, in a tree of life, mule deer would appear closer to white tail deer than grizzly bears. This same process can be applied to all organisms and has led to three large domains of life: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Humans, as well as other complex mammals, are part of the Eukarya group. If one traces the genetic information in organisms in all three groups, it appears they have a common ancestor or at least ancestors that share a common set of traits. In either case, it appears the earlist form of life in the tree of life were thermophilic or hyperthermophilic organism, which means they lived in systems composed of hot water.
Hot water systems are called hydrothermal systems. These can be found in areas of volcanic activity where hot molten rock beneath the surface heats groundwater. Hydrothermal systems produce hot springs and geysers at the surface. Good examples include Yellowstone on the United States and Rotorua in New Zealand.
Recently, Kring and his colleagues have been investigating impact-generated hydrothermal systems. The energy deposited by an impact event is so great that it can easily heat water and cause it to circulate through the Earth's crust. Examples of impact-generated systems have been found at several impact craters around the world. And although none of them are active today, they likely produced hot springs and geysers similar to those produced by magmatic activity beneath the surface of the Earth.
Early in Earth's history, both volcanism and impact cratering were very common processes. So both may have provided the environments needed to transform disparate chemical compounds into living organisms and may have provided a suitable habitat for that life to evolve.
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Answer:
Earlier Universe was in form of Atom and dust(Nebula) the size of the atom was got smaller and smaller and eventually became so small that there was no place for subatomic particles to move, so the pressure became so high and atom became so dense that even neutrons can't handle that process and it result in BIG BANG.
AFTER THE BIG BANG THE EARTH AND OTHER STARS AND PLANETS WERE FORMED AND LIFE STARTED ON EARTH.
BONUS FACT- TIME HAD NO ORIGIN BEFORE BEGINNING OF UNIVERSE(BIG BANG)
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