How did mendel explain that it is possible that a trait is inherited but not expressed in an organism?
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When Mendel crossed pure tall (TT) pea plants with a pure dwarf (tt) pea plants, in the F1 generation he found that all pea plants were tall (Tt). There were no dwarf plants produced in an F1 generation. When he self-pollinated these Fl plants, in the F2 generation he obtained tall and dwarf plants in the ratio 3:1.
Thus as three-fourths of the plant in an F2 generation are tall and one-fourth is dwarf so tall is a dominant trait whereas dwarf is a recessive trait [ which expressed itself only in homozygous condition. The dwarf trait was inherited in an F1 generation but it does not get expressed, it remains suppressed in presence of dominant trait tall.
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Mendel crossed a tall pea plant and a short pea plant of different characteristics and are produced progeny from them. The first generation (F₁) plants were all of them were tall. However, when the F₁ generation plants were crossed, the second (F₂) generation plants were not all of them were tall. Only, one-quarter of them was short. This indicates that both the tall and short traits were inherited in the F₁ plants but only the tallness trait was expressed.
This shows that it is possible that a trait is inherited but not expressed in an organism.