How did Prophet Muhammad succeed in bringing large parts of the Arab region into his religion, community, and state?
Answers
Answer:
During 612-32, the Prophet Muhammad preached the worship of a single God, Allah, and the membership of a single community of believers (umma). This was the origin of Islam.
Around 612, Muhammad declared himself to be the messenger(rasul) of God who had been commanded to preach that Allah alone should be worshipped. The worship involved simple rituals, such as daily prayers (salat. Muhammad was to found a community of believers (umma) bound by a common set of religious
beliefs. The community would bear witness (shahada) to the existence
of the religion before God as well as before members of other religious
communities. Muhammad’s message particularly appealed to those
Meccans who felt deprived of the gains from trade and religion and
were looking for a new community identity. Those who accepted the doctrine were called Muslims. They
were promised salvation on the Day of Judgement (qiyama) and a share of the resources of the community while on earth. The Muslims soon faced considerable opposition from affluent
Meccans who took offence to the rejection of their deities and found the new religion a threat to the status and prosperity of Mecca.
In Medina, Muhammad created a political order from all three sources which gave his followers the protection they needed as well as resolved the city’s ongoing civil strife. The umma was converted into a wider community to include polytheists and the Jews of Medina under the political leadership of Muhammad. Muhammad consolidated the faith for his followers by adding and refining rituals (such as fasting) and ethical principles. The community survived on agriculture and trade, as well as an alms tax (zakat). In addition, the Muslims organised expeditionary raids on Meccan caravans and nearby oases. These raids provoked reactions from the Meccans and caused abreach with the Jews of Medina. They won Mecca and the Prophet was accepted as a massenger of god.
Extra info: later islamic rulers played a great role in spread of islam by expenditures and conversions.