How did the actual results of the gold foil experiment differ from the expected results?
a)The alpha particles caused the gold foil to undergo nuclear fusion instead of fission.
b)There was no difference between the expected and actual results.
c)Rutherford expected particles to travel through the atoms, but instead, they ricocheted and rebounded in unexpected directions.
d)None of the above
Answers
Answer:
Since the previous atomic model (the Thomson model) argues that an atom is a sphere of positive charge with the negatively-charged electrons scattered like "raisins in a pudding", Rutherford and his students fully expected that an α particle will pass through the gold foil with just a slight deflection on the angles
option (D)
None of these
d) None of the above - is the correct option.
An atom is essentially empty space, according to Rutherford's hypothesis, with electrons circling a fixed, positively charged nucleus in predictable pathways. Ernest Rutherford, a New Zealander working at the University of Manchester in England in the early 1900s, created this atom model.
Because a large portion of the -particles fired at the gold sheet went through it without being deflected, the majority of the space in one atom is vacant.
The gold sheet deflected some of the -particles at minor angles, causing the positive charge in each atom to be unevenly distributed. In an atom, the positive charge is concentrated in a relatively small volume.
Only a few -particles were deflected back, implying that only a few -particles had almost 180o deflection angles. As a result, the positively charged particles in an atom occupy a very little volume in comparison to the entire volume of the atom.