Question

How did the appointment of the deputy Mahan by the east India company affect the power of the nawabs?

Answer 1

Answer:

• In 1717, the Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar upgraded the office of the Subedar of Bengal into a principality. The new rulers of the province were recognized as hereditary Princes. The Nawabs continued to issue coins in the name of the Mughal Emperor. But for all practical purposes, the Nawabs governed as independent monarchs. Bengal was the richest Mughal dominion and contributed the largest share of funds to the imperial treasury in Delhi. The Nawabs, backed by bankers such as the Jagat Seth, became the financial backbone of the Mughal court. During the 18th-century, the Nawabs of Bengal were among the wealthiest rulers in the world.[10]

• Under the Nawabs, Bengal attracted the trade of the British East India Company, the French East India Company, the Danish East India Company, the Austrian Ostend Company, and the Dutch East India Company. The British emerged as a formidable rival to the authority of the Nawabs. In 1757, the last independent Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah was overthrown by the British. He was replaced by the puppet Nawab Mir Jafar whose successor Mir Qasim attempted in vain to dislodge the British. The defeat of Nawab Mir Qasim of Bengal, Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula of Oudh, and Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II at the Battle of Buxar in 1764 paved the way for British expansion across India. The British government abolished the Mughal court in 1858. The British later demoted the nominal Nawab of Bengal to the status of a zamindar, with the title of Nawab of Murshidabad in 1880.Dual Government in Bengal was introduced by Robert Clive in 1765 and continued till 1772.

• Under this system the administration of Bengal was divided in to two parts- Diwani and Nizamat. Diwani means right to collect revenue was given to company and Nizamat means administrative rights were given to nawab.

• Company increased the rates of revenue and harsh measures were used to collect revenue.

• The welfare of people was completely neglected by both the company and nawab.

• British appointed collector to collect revenue, people were forced to pay high rates. As they were not capable to pay, they left the villages and fled to villages.

• Company's policies led famine in Bengal occurred in 1770.

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Answer 2

Answer:

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