how did the freedom mmovement influence literature?
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Literature has played an important role in history. It has been used and is still being used as a tool of propaganda. At the same time, it would be safe to say that literature has played a huge role in pretty much every major revolution in history.
The American Revolution was heavily influenced by pamphlets written by Jonathan Mayhew, John Dickinson and Tom Paine, amongst many others. Tom Paine’s two pamphlets- Common Sense and American Crisis – were read by over a million Americans and is credited with instigating the Declaration of Independence. Similarly, Voltaire, Montesquieu and Rousseau were instrumental in sowing the seeds of the French Revolution.
India is no exception. As we celebrate 71 years of Independence, it would behove us to remember the role of pre-Independence literature in our freedom struggle. Newspapers like Bande Mataram, founded by Bipin Chandra Pal in 1905, Jungantar Patrika founded by Barindra Kumar Ghosh, Abhinash Bhattacharya and Bhupendranath Dutt, 1906, and Harijan founded by Gandhi in 1932 sought to make Indian citizens not only socially and politically aware but also unite them for one common cause. Pamphlets written and distributed across India provided critical information and served as propaganda against the British. However, many intellectuals of the time also considered it important to use fiction and poetry for a patriotic purpose and to create a nationalist discourse.