Question

how did the islamic authorities expand undwr the calips​

Answer 1

Answer:

After Muhammad's death, many tribes broke away from the Islamic state. Some even raised their own prophets to establish communities modeled on the umma. Abu Bakr, the first caliph, suppressed the revolts by a series of campaigns. Umar, the second caliph, shaped the umma's policy of expansion of power.

Islam spread through military conquest, trade, pilgrimage, and missionaries. Arab Muslim forces conquered vast territories and built imperial structures over time.

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Answer 2

Answer:

After Muhammad's death, many tribes broke away from islamic state. Some even raise their own prophets to establish communities modeled on the umma. Abu Bakr, the first caliph, suppresed the revolts by a series of campaigns. Umar, the second caliph, shaped the umma's policy of expansion of power.