Question

How did the L.G havanur commission identify the backwardness of a community

Answer 1

In August 1972, under L G Havanur, the First Backward Class Commission had been created. It marked the new stage of the Karnataka backward class movement. In 1975 the Commission delivered its findings.

Explanation:

• While a variety of measures to assess backwardness, cultural, residential and occupational were outlined, it appears from the Commission reports that the assessment was largely based on performance in the SSLC study.
• The study describes, categorizes and supports backward class reservation. It also sets criteria for the allocation of the quota in India for different retrospective groups. In order to establish a reservation policy for government organizations, educational institutions and others, the Havanur report was necessary.
• Havanaur's report so impressed Devaraj Urs, then Chief Minister of Karnataka, that he called it "the bible of backward classes." The Supreme Court of India lauded the work as an extensive scientific study of the Backward Classes.
• Havanur’s work provided impetus for politicians from the backward classes to achieve greater success in the political arena.

Backward Classes (Excluding SC/ST) were grouped into three categories:

1. Backward Communities, whose student average/1000 of the population is below State average, however above 50 percent of the State average.
2. Backward Castes whose student average/1000 of the population is below 50 percent of the State average.
3. Backward Tribes whose student average is below 50 percent of State average, except Voddars and Dombars  and who are Nomadic and Denotified Tribes

Commission's Observations and Recommendation

• It recommended castes like  Kodagaru, Bunts,  Maratha, Kshatriya, Christian, and Jain must taken into consideration in advance and not be given reservations
• The Commission found that caste-related retardation was special to Hindus only, so for the reason of reserving, Muslims and Christians were not to be seen as a backward class
• The Commission recommended a review after 10 yrs It recommended 32 % reservation for Backward caste with 6 %, 10 % and 16% reservation for Backward tribes, Backward Communities and backward castes

State Government's Recommendation to the report

• Contrary to the recommendations of Havanur Commission, the State Government included all the Castes in the list of backward communities  including Dalit Christians and the entire Muslim population
• In the case of Backward Castes and Backward Communities, a ceiling of family income of INR 8000/ was imposed to make them eligible for the benefits of reservation under article 16(4) and 15(4).
• In addition a Special Category called Backward Special Group was created for categories of citizens if the family income does not exceed Rs 400/ and parent/guardian is: an actual cultivator, an artisan, a petty businessman; holding an appointment in inferior services or. engaged in any occupation involving manual labour.

Following percentage of reservation was fixed:

1. Backward Communities – 20%
2. Backward Castes – 10%
3. Backward Tribes – 5%
4. Backward Special Group – 5%