How did the leaders try to promote a sense of collective belonging Ness amongs people
Answers
(i) Main cultural processes:
(a) It was with the growth of nationalism, that the identity of India was associated with the image of Bharat Mata.
(b) This image was first created by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, who wrote the song 'Vande Matram' in his novel Anand Math.
(c) Then Rabindranath Tagore painted the famous image of Bharat Mata.
(d) Devotion to this mother figure came to be seen as evidence of one's nationalism.
(ii) Indian folklore:
(a) Ideas of nationalism also developed through a movement to revive Indian folklore.
(b) Folk tales were sung by bards in the villages, to give a true picture of the traditional culture, which was corrupted and damaged by outside forces.
(c) In Bengal, Rabindranath Tagore himself began collecting ballads, nursery rhymes and myths to revive the folk culture.
(d) In Madras, Natesa Sastri published a four-volume collection of Tamil folk tales, The Folklore of Southern India.
(iii) Icons and symbols (flag):
(a) During the Swadeshi Movement in Bengal, a tricolour flag (red, green and yellow) was designed.
(b) It had eight lotuses, representing eight provinces of British India and a crescent moon, representing Hindus and Muslims.
(c) By 1921, Mahatma Gandhi designed the Swaraj flag.
(d) It was also again a tricolour (red, green, white) flag and had a spinning wheel in the centre, representing the Gandhian ideal of self-help.
Hey Mate
This sense of collective belonging came partly through the experience of united struggles. History and fiction, folklore and songs popular prints and symbols all played a part in the making of nationalism.
1•FIGURE OR IMAGE
•The identity of India came to be visually associated with the image of Bharat Mata. It was created by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay. In 1870s,he wrote Vande Mataram.
•Abanindranath Tagore painted his famous image of Bharat Mata. In his painting, she is seen as a ascetic figure and is calm, composed, divine, and spiritual. Devotion to this mother figure was seen as an evidence of one's nationalism.
2•INDIAN FOLKLORE
•In the late nineteenth century of India,nationalists started recording folk tales,folk songs and legends.
•In Bengal, Rabindranath Tagore himself began collecting ballads, nursery rhymes and myths.
•In Madras, Natesa Sastri published a massive four volume collection of tamil folk tales, The Folklore of Southern India.
3•ICONS AND SYMBOLS
•During the swadeshi movement in Bengal, a tricolor flag (red, green and yellow) was designed. It had eight lotuses representing eight provinces of British India, and a crescent moon, representing Hindus and Muslims.
•It was again a tricolor (red, green and white) and had a spinning wheel in the centre, representing Gandhian ideal of self help.
4•REINTERPRETATION OF HISTORY
•By the end of the nineteenth century many Indians began to feel to instill a sense of pride in the nation.
•Many writers wrote about the glorious developments in ancient times when art and architecture, science and mathematics,religion, etc had flourished.
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