How did the scientist featured in the story discover the usefulness of carbon nanotubes for genetically modifying plants?
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Answer:
CRISPR delivery Landry discovered that nanotubes easily slip though plant cell walls, which are known for their tough layers, while trying to label cells with nanotube sensors. The sensors ended up inside the cell, not on the cell surface. ... She immediately saw how to flip this around to deliver genes into plants.
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Genetically modified plants have existed for many years, but the processes used to make the modifications are surprisingly inefficient. Researchers at the University of California Berkeley have developed a technique that could make plant genetics considerably more precise. Rather than the “spray and pray” approach, scientists might soon be able to use a carbon nanotube needle to inject new genetic components.
Berkeley scientist Markita Landry had intended to use carbon nanotubes to build a scaffolding to stabilize cells for microscopic examination. However, the project failed because the scaffolding kept piercing the cells. At that point, the team realized they might have discovered an unexpectedly efficient way to get DNA into cells. DNA is thin enough to pass through plant cell walls, but it’s not rigid enough to avoid getting stuck. If you attach it to a carbon nanotube needle, it can get inside with no problem.