How did the spread of Christianity and
Islam affect the Kingdom of Aksum?
Answers
Answer:
The Kingdom of Aksum (Ge'ez: መንግሥተ አኵስም), also known as the Kingdom of Axum or the Aksumite Empire, was an ancient kingdom centered in Northern Ethiopia, in the Tigray region and in what is now Eritrea.[2][3] Axumite rulers styled themselves as King of kings, king of Aksum, Himyar, Raydan, Saba, Salhen, Tsiyamo, Beja and of Kush.[4] Ruled by the Aksumites, it existed from approximately 80 BC to AD 825.[5] The polity was centered in the city of Axum and grew from the proto-Aksumite Iron Age period around the 4th century BC to achieve prominence by the 1st century AD. Aksum became a major player on the commercial route between the Roman Empire and Ancient India. The Aksumite rulers facilitated trade by minting their own Aksumite currency, with the state establishing its hegemony over the declining Kingdom of Kush. It also regularly entered the politics of the kingdoms on the Arabian Peninsula and eventually extended its rule over the region with the conquest of the Himyarite Kingdom. The Manichaei prophet Mani (died 274 AD) regarded Axum as one of the four great powers of his time, the others being Persia, Rome and China.[2][6][7][8] It ruled the South Arabia of Yemen for half a century in the 6th century.
Aksumite Empire
መንግሥተ አኵስም(Ge'ez)
c. 80 BC – c. 940 AD
Aksumite currency depicting King Endubis of Aksum or Axum
Aksumite currency depicting King Endubis
The Kingdom of Aksum at its greatest extent in the 6th century.
The Kingdom of Aksum at its greatest extent in the 6th century.
Capital
Aksum
Common languages
Ge'ez
Religion
Christianity (Ethiopian Orthodox; state religion after c. 330)
Aksumite polytheism (official until c. 330)
Judaism (widely practiced)
Government
Monarchy
Negūs
• c. 100
Za Haqala (first known)
• c. 940
Dil Na'od (last)
Historical era
Classical Antiquity to Early Middle Ages
• Established
c. 80 BC
• Conquest by Gudit
c. 960 AD
Area
350[1]
1,250,000 km2 (480,000 sq mi)
Currency
Aksumite currency
Preceded by Succeeded by
Dʿmt
Kingdom of Kush
Medri Bahri
Zagwe Dynasty
Kingdom of Semien
Today part of
Eritrea
Ethiopia
The Aksumites erected monumental stelae, which served a religious purpose in pre-Christian times. One of these granite columns is the largest such structure in the world, at 90 feet.[9] Under Ezana (fl. 320–360) Aksum adopted Christianity. [10][11]
The kingdom's ancient capital, also called Axum, is now a town in Tigray Region (northern Ethiopia). The Kingdom used the name "Ethiopia" as early as the 4th century.[12][13] Tradition claims Axum as the alleged resting place of the Ark of the Covenant and the purported home of the Queen of Sheba.[14]
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