how did the trade of indian textiles prove for the European trading companies
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Three of Linnaeus’ former students travelled as ship’s chaplains with the Swedish East India Company and made textile observations in their journals. Whereof Pehr Osbeck’s journal from 1750-52 has the most detailed notes, describing the various stages of weaving, in which he had very much wanted to take part, but was partially prevented by restriction of movement and other obstacles for Europeans in the Canton area. Other interests being documentation on looms, the importance of the manufactures, orders of fabric at arrival, the trade in fabrics onboard ships, lists of cottons and silks etc. His contemporary, Olof Torén, also stressed the significance of fabrics within the East India trade at Canton and also from Surat in a series of letters to Linnaeus (1750-52). In addition he described the reeling of silk and spinning of cotton at Canton and mentioned that the nankeen fabrics were considered to be the very finest of all. The first of the travelling apostles, Christopher Tärnström, who never reached Canton, nonetheless made several notes in his journal in 1746 on the East India trade. He bought for example cottons at Pulo Condore [Côn Són Island] which were thought to be of extremely good value and mentioned the high-ranking officers’ private trading in East Indian fabrics of various materials along with Swedish linen fabrics. Such fabrics of different origins were sold wherever it was most advantageous, which might mean that fabrics from a previous voyage could be sold in ports on the next outward voyage. Moreover, like Torén, he described the nankeen qualities as most highly valued and worn by the prominent inhabitants of Pulo Condore during his stay in the area.
Three of Linnaeus’ former students travelled as ship’s chaplains with the Swedish East India Company and made textile observations in their journals. Whereof Pehr Osbeck’s journal from 1750-52 has the most detailed notes, describing the various stages of weaving, in which he had very much wanted to take part, but was partially prevented by restriction of movement and other obstacles for Europeans in the Canton area. Other interests being documentation on looms, the importance of the manufactures, orders of fabric at arrival, the trade in fabrics onboard ships, lists of cottons and silks etc. His contemporary, Olof Torén, also stressed the significance of fabrics within the East India trade at Canton and also from Surat in a series of letters to Linnaeus (1750-52). In addition he described the reeling of silk and spinning of cotton at Canton and mentioned that the nankeen fabrics were considered to be the very finest of all. The first of the travelling apostles, Christopher Tärnström, who never reached Canton, nonetheless made several notes in his journal in 1746 on the East India trade. He bought for example cottons at Pulo Condore [Côn Són Island] which were thought to be of extremely good value and mentioned the high-ranking officers’ private trading in East Indian fabrics of various materials along with Swedish linen fabrics. Such fabrics of different origins were sold wherever it was most advantageous, which might mean that fabrics from a previous voyage could be sold in ports on the next outward voyage. Moreover, like Torén, he described the nankeen qualities as most highly valued and worn by the prominent inhabitants of Pulo Condore during his stay in the area.This graphic water-colour by Elias Martin from 1787 shows the bridge Kämpebron and the canal outside the Swedish East India Company building (constructed 1747-1762) in Göteborg. Although it was painted a few decades after the East India voyages of the Linnaeus Apostles, the trade using canal boats to transport goods from ships further away in the harbour and unloading goods at the Factory can be assumed to have looked fairly similar. (Courtesy of: Göteborgs Stadsmuseum…).This graphic water-colour by Elias Martin from 1787 shows the bridge Kämpebron and the canal outside the Swedish East India Company building (constructed 1747-1762) in Göteborg. Although it was painted a few decades after the East India voyages of the Linnaeus Apostles, the trade using canal boats to transport goods from ships further away in the harbour and unloading goods at the Factory can be assumed to have looked fairly similar. (.
The European companies gradually established control over the Indian trade. ... Exports from these ports fell dramatically, the credit that had financed the earlier trade began drying up, and the local bankers slowly went bankrupt. While Surat and Hoogly decayed, Bombay and Calcutta grew.