How did the zamindari system of revenue settlement introduced by the colonial govt cause immense mesery and social tension among the cultivators
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The zamindari system of revenue settlement introduced by the colonial govt caused immense misery & social tension among the cultivators
Explanation:
- Land Settlement Policies: The colonial government had imposed different policies of land settlement such as Zamindari 's scheme, where maximum profit that was got from agriculture. in the hands of Zamindars instead of farmers. Neither Zamindars nor the Colonial Government had done anything to improve agricultural conditions. This caused huge pain and suffering and social tension amongst farmers.
- Revenue Settlement: In exchange for certain specified revenue, the Zamindar were entitled to own land, otherwise they were to lose their rights on these land. The zamindars thus too a stubborn stance. The situation was more critical owing to famine & drought
- Commercialisation of Agriculture: In order to supply British factories with inexpensive raw materials, the colonial govt forced farmers to cultivate commercial crops such as tea , coffee, indigo, etc. This "commercialisation" of Indian agriculture increased the burden on poor farmers by way of high revenues and resulted in food grains shortage, resources , investment, & technology in India, as well.
- Lack of Irrigation Facilities & Resources: Indian agriculture was also confronted by the lack of irrigation facilities, insufficient use of fertilisers, expenditure shortage, regular famines and other natural disasters, etc, which contributed to the distortion and instability of agricultural performance.
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