how did Timur's invasion mark a turning point in Delhi sultanate
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Answer:
Born into the Barlas confederation in Transoxiana (in modern-day Uzbekistan) on 9 April 1336, Timur gained control of the western Chagatai Khanate by 1370. From that base, he led military campaigns across Western, South and Central Asia, the Caucasus and southern Russia, and emerged as the most powerful ruler in the Muslim world after defeating the Mamluks of Egypt and Syria, the emerging Ottoman Empire, and the declining Delhi Sultanate.[9] From these conquests, he founded the Timurid Empire, but this empire fragmented shortly after his death.
Timur was the last of the great nomadic conquerors of the Eurasian Steppe, and his empire set the stage for the rise of the more structured and lasting Gunpowder Empires in the 16th and 17th centuries.[10][11]:1 Timur envisioned the restoration of the Mongol Empire of Genghis Khan (died 1227) and according to Gérard Chaliand, saw himself as Genghis Khan's heir.[12] Though not a Borjigid or a descendant of Genghis Khan,[13] he clearly sought to invoke the legacy of the latter's conquests during his lifetime.[14] According to Beatrice Forbes Manz, "in his formal correspondence Temur continued throughout his life to portray himself as the restorer of Chinggisid rights. He justified his Iranian, Mamluk, and Ottoman campaigns as a re-imposition of legitimate Mongol control over lands taken by usurpers."[15] To legitimize his conquests, Timur relied on Islamic symbols and language, referred to himself as the "Sword of Islam", and patronized educational and religious institutions. He converted nearly all the Borjigin leaders to Islam during his lifetime. Timur decisively defeated the Christian Knights Hospitaller at the Siege of Smyrna, styling himself a ghazi.[16]:91 By the end of his reign, Timur had gained complete control over all the remnants of the Chagatai Khanate, the Ilkhanate, and the Golden Horde, and even attempted to restore the Yuan dynasty in China.
Answer:
INTERNAL CONFLICTS
After the death of Firuz Shah Tuglaq, the conflict between nobles and the Sultan resurfaced. Taking advantage of the situation, many rajas and the zamindars started asserting their independence. The struggle between the nobles and the ruling elites for the throne was quite common during the Medieval time, but a new development was noted i.e the interference of the Firuzi slaves in this struggle to appoint their own nominee to the throne. Finally , Firuz Shah’s son Muhammad ascended the throne. He and his successor Nasir- ud-din Mahmud made a number of attempts to break the authority of the Firuzi slaves but those efforts were of little avail.
Thus, Firuz Shah’s decision to make army and nobility hereditary, strengthened their position and weakened the authority of the king which eventually created many problems leading to internal weakness.
TIMUR INVASION
The empire was already in a fledgling condition. The territory of the empire was comprised of a very small area surrounding Delhi. At this point of time, there was an attack by Timur. Timur’s invasion was basically a plundering rage. It plundered the city and drained out a great amount of wealth, thus , weakening the already weak empire.
Explanation: