History, asked by aysha9596, 1 year ago

How did trade in the Roman Republic lead to the development of the merchant class?

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Answered by mayasmith
19
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Originally there was a distinction between patricians and plebeians. The patricians were the aristocracy and the plebeians were the commoners; that is, all non-patricians. There were rich and poor plebeians. Originally the patricians monopolised political power, the offices of state, the senate and the priesthoods. Over time, the rich plebeians obtained power-sharing with the patricians and gained access to the offices of state, the senate and most of the priesthoods.
The rich plebeians were co-opted into a patrician-plebeian oligarchy and were given equite (cavalryman) status. This was the lower tier of the aristocracy. The patricians remained the higher tier of the aristocracy. The term plebeian in regard to these rich people became redundant.
The poor just remained poor. The term plebeian continued to be applied to them in the Late Republic because of the political agitations of their movement (the plebeian movement). This unrest was caused by their abject poverty, which became a political hot potato in the Late Republic. This happened despite the fact that the rich plebeians, who had been the leaders of this movement, had turned their backs on the issues of the poor once they gained power-sharing with the patricians. New politicians, the populares, who supported the cause of the poor emerged.
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