How do coal distribution and Mid-Atlantic ridge support continental drift theory?
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
• Ans. Identical rocks, of the same type and age, are found on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Wegener said the rocks had formed side-by-side and that the land had since moved apart.
• Mountain ranges with the same rock types, structures, and ages are now on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean. The Appalachians of the eastern United States and Canada, for example, are just like mountain ranges in eastern Greenland, Ireland, Great Britain, and Norway. Wegener concluded that they formed as a single mountain range that was separated as the continents drifted.
• Ancient fossils of the same species of extinct plants and animals are found in rocks of the same age but are on continents that are now widely separated. Wegener proposed that the organisms had lived side by side, but that the lands had moved apart after they were dead and fossilized. He suggested that the organisms would not have been able to travel across the oceans.
o Fossils of the seed fern Glossopteris were too heavy to be carried so far by wind.
o Mesosaurus was a swimming reptile but could only swim in fresh water.
o Cynognathus and Lystrosaurus were land reptiles and were unable to swim.
• Grooves and rock deposits left by ancient glaciers are found today on different continents very close to the equator. This would indicate that the glaciers either formed in the middle of the ocean and/or covered most of the Earth. Today glaciers only form on land and nearer the poles. Wegener thought that the glaciers were centered over the southern land mass close to the South Pole and the continents moved to their present positions later.
• Coral reefs and coal-forming swamps are found in tropical and subtropical environments, but ancient coal seams and coral reefs are found in locations where it is much too cold today. Wegener suggested that these creatures were alive in warm climate zones and that the fossils and coal later had drifted to new locations on the continents.
• Q – Why don’t we have remarkable pattern of fossils that developed after separation of Pangea?
Ans. Evidence for early forms of life comes from fossils. By studying fossils, scientists can learn how much (or how little) organisms have changed as life developed on Earth. There are gaps in the fossil record because many early forms of life were soft-bodied, which means that they have left few traces behind. All of Earth's major landmasses were squashed into one huge supercontinent. Earth scientists refer to this mega-continent as Pangaea Some 100 million years later, Pangaea began breaking apart. The Atlantic Ocean started to form between what would become North America and Africa.