How do forests help people earn their living
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Answer:
Hundreds of millions of people in the developing world rely on forests to earn their living.
Forests also have more indirect links to livelihoods. Forests provide soil nutrients and forage for crops and livestock. They also help to reduce soil erosion, pollinate crops and provide protection from the elements.
Hundreds of millions of people in the developing world rely on forests to earn their living. About two billion people use fuelwood and charcoal as their main source of energy for cooking and for heating their homes. Rural households in developing countries collect food, fuel, medicinal plants and construction materials directly from the forest. Tens of millions of people supplement their cash incomes by collecting and selling such materials. Others sell timber from their own traditional land areas to logging companies, or make and sell furniture and handicrafts, just so they have enough income to support themselves and their families. And industrial logging provides millions of full-time jobs and steady earnings for people in developing countries, especially in Brazil, China, India, and Indonesia.
Forests also have more indirect links to livelihoods. Forests provide soil nutrients and forage for crops and livestock. They also help to reduce soil erosion, pollinate crops and provide protection from the elements.
Finding a balance between income and destruction
Agricultural expansion, logging, hunting, over-grazing and forest fires are destroying or degrading forests and in turn reducing the contribution that forests make to people’s livelihoods. Deforestation and logging destroy wild plants used for food and medicines and may also increase certain infectious diseases such as malaria, leishmaniasis, chagas, and yellow fever. The over-exploitation of timber products can eventually lead to less wood to cook meals and fewer raw materials for small-scale entrepreneurs and artisans to use for generating income.
Similarly, incomes and the environment are threatened when local people lose access to forests in favour of commercial farmers, ranchers, or when logging and mining companies move onto their land. In many countries government policies frequently favour these groups with concessions, licenses, permits and new roads, while denying similar rights to poorer inhabitants.
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