Question

how do microorganisms spoil food​

Answer 1

Answer:

The simple answer is this: they are tiny animals living, eating, and most importantly pooping in your food.

When food is left long enough with adequate warmth, and oxygen if the organisms are aerobic and even without oxygen if they are anaerobic, eventually the life processes of the bacteria that live everywhere on this planet will result in high enough levels of waste products (poop) that the food will be spoiled.

However the very same processes that are "spoilage" in some cases produce desired characteristics in other cases (e.g. rising of bread dough, alcoholic beverages, ripened cheeses, sour cream) depending on the types of waste(s) the microorganisms produce.

Answer 2

❕❗They break down fats in unsalted butter and some microorganism such as molds makes the bread non edible my producing sponges on them some other examples are yeast and bacteria ❕❗