Question

how do pencillin acts on disease causing organisms​

Answer 1

Penicillin kills bacteria by inhibiting the proteins which cross-link peptidoglycans in the cell wall (Figure 8). When a bacterium divides in the presence of penicillin, it cannot fill in the “holes” left in its cell wall.

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Answer 2

Penicillin, an antibiotic acts on prokaryotic cells by inhibiting their cell wall synthesis. They directly inhibit the transpeptidation reaction and does not allow the formation of penta-glycine residual chain between L-lysine and D-alanine subunits of the amino acid chains linked to the N-acetyl muramic acid.

The naturally obtained Penicillin drugs like Penicillin G or V are narrow spectrum drugs and can inhibit only the growth of gram positive organisms, whereas the semi synthetically produced penicillin like ampicillin is a broad spectrum drug and acts on both gram positive and gram negative.