Question

How do properties of atoms differ in period and group?

Answer 1

Elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells; moving across a period (so progressing from group to group), elements gain electrons and protons and become less metallic. This arrangement reflects the periodic recurrence of similar properties as theatomic number increases.The atomic number of each element is written above the symbol. A period is a horizontal row of the periodic table. There are seven periodsin the periodic table, with each one beginning at the far left. A group is a vertical column of the periodic table, based on the organization of the outer shell electrons.physical properties. Group 0 contains non-metal elements placed in the vertical column on the far right of the periodic table . The elements in group 0 are called the noble gases . They exist as single atoms .As you move from left to right across a period, the physical properties of the elements change.

One loose trend is the tendency for elemental states to go from solid to liquid to gas across a period. In the extreme cases, Groups 1 and 18, we see that Group-1 elements are all solids and Group-18 elements are all gases.

Many of the changes in physical properties as you cross a period are due to the nature of the bonding interactions that the elements undergo. The elements on the left side of a period tend to form more ionic bonds, while those on the right side form more covalent bonds.