Question

How do the chemical fertilisers effect the soil, ground water, lakes and rivers? What were the effects of use of chemical fertilisers in Punjab? Best answer will be marked brainliest.

Answer 1

Chemical fertilizers may described as factory made fertilizers. These are target specific and widely used in India especially the period post Green Revolution.

Their effects:

ON SOIL

using too much of fertilizers in the soil can alter the fertility of the soil by increasing the acid levels in the soil. Hence it is recommended to get a soil test to observe that you are using right amount of fertilizers or not. 7pH level is considered to be neutral it may vary from 0-14, pH varies from plant to plant and can be altered by bringing in some changes. Bottom line for using too much of fertilizers in the soil is that, though it may seem to work currently, but it may kill the plants.

*ON WATER IN LAKE And River

fertilizers are washed into lakes and oceans through rains and sewage from farm. These substances prove to become toxic for the aquatic life, increasing the excessive growth of algae in the water bodies and decreasing the levels of oxygen. This leads to a toxic environment and leads to death of fish and other aquatic fauna and flora. t contributes to an imbalance in the food chain as the different kinds of fishes in the water bodies tend to be the main food source of various birds and animals in the environment.

*ON GROUND WATER

the effect of chemical nitrogen fertilizer application on groundwater arsenic pollution. Arsenic and N concentrations in peat sediment were high. In the groundwater, a high arsenic concentration was observed under a high ammonium-N concentration with reducing conditions. source of N in peat sediment and groundwater was possibly chemical N fertilizer. Thus, we assumed that a high N environment created by the fertilizer led the groundwater to reducing conditions through the enhancement of microbial activity, and the reducing condition promoted the arsenic release from peat sediment to the groundwater.

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HOPE it helps you and pls
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please mark as brainlist

Answer 2

When chemicals fertilisers are added to soil for a good and healthy growth of crops and for improving the fertility of soil, something due to overirrigation these fertilisers are washed away from the soil and reaches the water table below the ground; thus, resulting in contamination of ground water.

Due to longer and continuous use of fertilisers in Punjab,the farmers are now seeing the result of overusing fertilisers:
1.fertility of soil is much lower .
2.farmers has to use a larger amount of fertilisers to increase fertility
3.The farmer friends or the earthworms are killed due to addition of fertilisers.