Question

how do the physiographic and economic factors influence the distribution pattern of the Indian Railway Exam explain with suitable example

Answer 1

Examples of the distribution pattern of the railway network in the country being influenced by physiographic and economic factors are

Physiographic Factors

(i) The Northern Plains with their vast level land, high population density and rich agricultural resources provided the most favourable condition for growth of railways, although crossing wide rivers posed some obstacles.

(ii) In the hilly terrain of the peninsular region, railway tracks were laid through low hills, gaps or tunnels.

(iii) The Himalayan mountain regions are unfavourable for the construction of railway lines due to high relief, undulating terrain and low traffic.

(iv) It is difficult to lay railway tracks in the sandy plains of Western Rajasthan, swamps of Gujarat and forested areas of states in central India, e.g. Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha and Jharkhand.

Economic Factors

Given below are some economic factors that affect the distribution of railways

(i) State funding plays a vital role in the development of railways across the nations.

(ii) The state with flexible laws supports the growth of railways.

(iii) The places that are highly industrialised attract the development of railways.

(iv) Since the growth of both is complimentary to each other, e.g. recendy railway network is enhancing along the industrial corridors.

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Answer 2

Explanation:

1. The level and extensive northern plains with high density of population, high density of population, high industrial activity and rich agriculture, favour development of railways. However the wide rivers that flow here cannot be crossed without bridges which become an additional cost for railways.

2. The high relief, sparse population and lack of economic opportunities in the Himalayan region create unfavorable conditions for laying the railway lines. Frequent landslides and rock fall are additional problem.

3. The peninsular regions with their hilly terrains also make it different to lay railway tracks. In such areas, railway tracks have to be laid through low hills or gaps or tunnels.

4. The low flood plains of Assam and Bihar, where floods are common, have difficulty in maintaining railway lines.

5. Deserts of Rajasthan and the hilly tracks of the Sahayadris were unfavorable for development of railways