how do we apply lens maker formula to determine the nature of air bubble in water
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It's a sphere with radius of curvature for one half as R and for the other -R. Let refractive index for water be 4/3. The formula shall look like this -> (-1/4)(2/R - 1/2R) = -3/8R equals the power of this lens i.e. -8/3R is its focal length. You can look on wikipedia and find that for a nonzero lens there is an extra component of nd/R1R2 where d is the lens' thickness and n the relative refractive index.
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