Question

how do we know valency of an element

Answer 1

Valency of an atom is the number electrons in the outer most shell or valency is eight minus the number of electrons the outer most shell.

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Answer 2

hey dear sweet friend here is your answer

The valency of an atom is equal to the number of electrons in the outer shell if that number is four or less. Otherwise, the valency is equal to eight minus the number of electrons in the outer shell. Once you know the number of electrons, you can easily calculatethe valency.