How do we understand the developments of natiomal movements after 1919? Explain.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The growth of mass nationalism began to take place after 1919. Peasants, tribals, students, and women became involved in the struggle against the British rule.
The First World War altered the economic and political situation in India. It led to a huge rise in the defence expenditure of the Government of India. The government in turn increased taxes on individual incomes and business profits. Increased military expenditure and the demands for war supplies led to a sharp rise in prices which created great difficulties for the common people. On the other hand, business groups reaped fabulous profits from the war.
The war also lead the British to expand their army. Villages were pressurised to supply soldiers for an alien cause. A large number of soldiers were sent to serve abroad. Many returned after the war with an understanding of the ways in which imperialist powers were exploiting the peoples of Asia and Africa and with a desire to oppose colonial rule in India.
In 1917, there was a revolution in Russia. News about peasants’ and workers’ struggles and ideas of socialism circulated widely, inspiring Indian nationalists.
The Advent of Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi emerged as a leader.
He led to local movements in Champaran, Kheda, and Ahmedabad in which he got immense success.