how do you justify University of management give example to illustrate your argument
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Answer:
There has been and still is considerable controversy about the universality of management process and functions. The area of management has a worldwide command and acceptability. Scholars have different views about whether management knowledge is applicable everywhere or not. If are the management knowledge has universal approach then it can be communicated through persons going from one country to another, persons from developing countries going to developed countries and going back after learning management principles or by organising management development programmes in developing countries.
Some scholars opine that management principles and processes have universal application. They feel that managerial principles can be applied in all types of business organisations and in every country. There are different views of management thinkers about universality of management. Authors like Henry Fayol, Taylor, James Lundy, Louis Allen, Dalton F. Mc Farland and Koontz and O’ Donnell are of the view that management has universal application. But there are others who do not subscribe to the view of universality of management. They include Joan Woodward, Ernest Dale, Peter Drucker, W. Oberg.
Arguments for Universality:
The supporters of this view say that basis of management are the same and can be found in all types of organisations situated in any country.
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These scholars give the following arguments:
1. Management Process is Universal:
The fundamental functions of management like planning, organising, staffing, leading and controlling are basic and are performed by every manager in all organisations. The management process is similar among managers. In the words of Fayol, “There is a universal science of management applicable alike to commerce, industry, politics, religion, war or philanthropy.
2. Management Knowledge is Universal:
Management uses are as follows:
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(i) Management is Culture-Bound:
It is argued that different countries have different cultures and varying levels of economic development. Culture consists of attitudes, beliefs and values of a society. There are differences in personality traits and educational, social, political and economic standards are also different. Since management is people oriented there is always a possibility that application of management principles will be affected by these factors. When the ground rules under which a manager operates are different in different cultures then common strategies of management will not be possible.
(ii) Different Objectives:
The objectives of an enterprise determine the type of management required. Different enterprises have different objectives so these managerial needs are linked to these objectives. According to Peter Drucker, the skills, the competence, and the experience of management cannot as such be transferred and applied to every type of institution. Only analytical and administrative types of skills and abilities can be transferred. Thus, management principles cannot be applied universally.
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