Question

how does a cell membrane forms a barrier and establish connections with adjacent cells

Answer 1

Answer:

First, they seal the plasma membranes of adjacent cells together to create a continuous impermeable, or semipermeable, barrier to diffusion across the cell sheet. Cells connected by gap junctions share many of their inorganic ions and other small molecules and are therefore chemically and electrically coupled.

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Answer 2

Answer:

The selectively permeable nature of the cell membrane allow it to act as a barrier between the cell cytoplasm and the outside matrix.

It also has cell junctions or inter-cellular bridges which allow transfer of substances from adjoining cells.