How does a little stone thrown on the water surface generate a wave?
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A wave generated in water is said to be both, transverse as well as longitudinal. Hence vertical and horizontal motion of water molecules, both generate it.
If your stone is an ideal point sized mass then it will create a trough. However, a practical stone will create a trough at center and crest around the submerged part of stone simultaneously (approx).
It forms a circle because the wave propagates in all directions on the surface of water with same speed.
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