How does a matchstick catch fire?
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A matchstick starts burning on rubbing it on the side of the matchbox because the heat produced by friction heats the chemical at the head of the matchstick to their ignition temperature and makes it catch fire.
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Answer:
The friction due to the rubbing of the phosphorus tip of the matchstick against the side of the matchbox side (which has powdered glass, and an adhesive such as gum arabic or urea formaldehyde) increases the temperature of the tip to get ignited
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