How does a mouse work?
Answers
Able to work on almost any surface, the mouse has a small, red light-emitting diode (LED) that bounces light off that surface onto a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor. ... The computer moves the cursor on the screen based on the coordinates received from the mouse.
Answer:
When you move the mouse, the ball rolls beneath it, pushing the two plastic wheels/rollers linked to it in the process. One of those wheels detects side-to-side movement (x-axis wheel) and the other (y-axis wheel) detects movement in the up-and-down direction. Both of these wheels consist of spokes that ‘break’ a thin light beam inside the mouse. The number of times the beam breaks helps to calculate how far the mouse has moved.
For instance, when you move the mouse straight up, the y-axis wheel turns. The farther up you go, the more the ball pushes the wheel and the more it breaks the light beam. This helps to determine how far the mouse has moved straight up. Similarly, the mouse uses the x-axis wheel to calculate side-to-side movement. When the mouse is moved at an angle, the calculations obtained from the movement of both of these wheels are used.
Mechanical mice were quite popular in the past decade, but due to their clunkier design and relatively lessened durability, they were quickly replaced by optical mice.
Optical mouse
An optical mouse is technologically much more advanced than a mechanical mouse. Unlike the latter, an optical mouse is completely electronic and therefore has no moving parts. It consists of an LED (that generates the signature red light), a light-detector chip, a switch mechanism and a few other simple components. Some mice have another LED that lights up a plastic strip installed at the back of the mouse as an indication of the mouse’s operation.
How does an optical mouse work?
Bottom view of an optical mouse
An optical mouse kept upside down
The LED installed at the bottom of the mouse emits a bright light in the downward direction. Since a mouse is usually used on plain surfaces, the light bounces back from the surface and enters a photocell that’s also mounted on the bottom, almost next to the LED. This photocell has a frontal lens that magnifies any light reaching it. As you move the mouse around, the pattern of the reflected beam changes; this is then used by the light-detector chip to figure out how and in which direction you’re moving the mouse.
Optical mice are much lighter and faster than mechanical ones, and have therefore gained enormous popularity all over the world. With improvements in technology, newer and even more advanced mice – that address issues like ergonomics and the health of the user – are taking center stage. The choice of the right variant rests with the user, but one thing remains universally true – computers and mice shall always remain inseparable.
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