How does air pressure affect the freezing, melting, and boiling points of water at an altitude of 5,000m/16,404ft
Answers
Explanation:
melting point/freeze point stays stable un-affected by air-pressure; so 5 ft or 5000 ft or 5000 meter it is still 0°C. Considering this, what is the boiling point of water at 5000 meters altitude? At sea level, water boils at 100 °C (212 °F).
our everyday experiences, we encounter water typically in its liquid state. Most of our fresh water, however, exists in its frozen form. About three-quarters of it is found in snow, sea ice, icebergs, ice shelves, glaciers, ice sheets, and soils that remain frozen for two or more years (permafrost). Snow and ice may appear only seasonally at mid-latitudes, but at high altitudes and in the polar regions, frozen water persists year-round as glaciers and ice sheets. Glaciers form in regions where more snow accumulates than melts, such as in high mountain valleys. In the extremely cold polar regions, the glaciers grow to form continent-sized ice sheets. The largest ice sheets cover Antarctica, and smaller ice sheets cover Greenland and part of Iceland. Some of the ice in the Antarctic ice sheet represents the build-up of nearly a million years of snow.
Ice Is One of Three States of Water
Ice is just one state that water can exist in on Earth.
Solid - Ice - A solid is the rigid state of matter. Solids resist changes to shape or volume, and have distinct boundaries. The atoms or molecules that make a solid are fixed in position relative to each other; they (essentially) are not moving.
Liquid - Water - A liquid is a fluid state of matter that changes shape to fill a confining container. Liquids have distinct surfaces at their boundaries. The atoms or molecules making up a fluid move freely around the volume of the liquid.
Gas - Water Vapor or Steam - A gas is a state of matter that does not have a definite shape or volume. A gas is the least dense state of matter. The atoms or molecules making up a gas move around freely — and often energetically — in the space that the gas occupies.
We interact with these states every day. Water covers just over 70% of Earth's surface. Most of this is in our oceans as salt water (97%), with glaciers and ice caps holding 2.4% of our water in a frozen state. The remaining 0.6% is the freshwater in our rivers and lakes. Liquid water is the one substance required by all life as we know it.
Ice is a mineral! A mineral is a naturally occurring solid that has a characteristic chemical composition, a highly ordered atomic structure, and specific physical properties. Ice has all of these attributes.
Changes in temperature cause water to change state. Pure water transitions between the solid and liquid states at 32°F (0°C) at sea level.
This temperature is referred to as the melting point when rising temperatures are causing ice to melt and change state from a solid to a liquid (water).
It is referred to as the freezing point when temperatures decrease, causing water to change state from a liquid to a solid (ice).
For most substances, the melting and freezing points are about the same temperature.)
At the boiling point, water transitions from its liquid to gas (vapor) state. Increasing the temperature above the boiling point, 212°F (100°C), causes water to change from liquid to gas (water vapor).
The melting/freezing and boiling points change with pressure. The boiling point of water varies with atmospheric pressure. At lower pressure or higher altitudes, the boiling point is lower.
At sea level, pure water boils at 212 °F (100°C).
At the lower atmospheric pressure on the top of Mount Everest, pure water boils at about 154 °F (68°C).
In the deep oceans, under immense pressure, water remains liquid at temperatures of 750°F (400°C) around hydrothermal vents.
Pressure also alters the melting/freezing point. The incredible pressure at the base of thick glaciers melts the ice at temperatures a few degrees Celsius below zero.
Another way to alter the melting/freezing (and boiling) point of water is to add salt (or any substance that will dissolve in water). The greater the amount of dissolved salt, the lower the freezing point. Ocean water is about 3.5% salt; sea water freezes at about 28°F (-2°C). A 10% salt solution freezes at about 20°F (-6°C), and a 20% solution freezes at 2°F (-16°C).
This changing of the melting/freezing point is used to clear icy roads. Putting salt on an icy road causes the ice to melt by lowering its freezing point
hope it helps you dear