Question

how does an atom becom negative ion?

Answer 1

by accepting an electron ............. .....

Answer 2

An atom becomes an Ion (a) if it gains one or more electron(s) or (b) if it loses one or more electron(s). When it gains electrons it becomes negatively charged and is called an anion. When it loses electron(s) it becomes positively charged and is called a cation.
An atom that gains a negative electron, it becomes a negative ion. If it loses an electron it becomes a positive ion. Picture 1.8 Some atoms lose electrons and become positive ions. Others gain electrons and become negative ions.

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