How does bacteria play an important role in medicine as well as in several industries? ?
Answers
Answer:
In the pharmaceutical industry, bacteria are used to produce antibiotics, vaccines, and medically-useful enzymes. Most antibiotics are made by bacteria that live in soil. Actinomycetes such as Streptomyces produce tetracyclines, erythromycin, streptomycin, rifamycin and ivermectin. Bacillus and Paenibacillus species produce bacitracin and polymyxin. Bacterial products are used in the manufacture of vaccines for immunization against infectious disease.
Bacteria are organisms capable of being modified to produce desired products. They are being used in several industries to produce large quantity of products in a cost effective way within a stipulated time.
Explanation:
Industrial microbiology is a branch of biotechnology which emphasizes on use of microbes in various industries to produce materials required in day-to-day life.
Bacteria can be modified genetically by vector and plasmids, they can be mutated, or be genetically engineered to produce the desired products. The modified microbe is put in a culture medium with regulated temperature, pH, nutrient medium etc to facilitate the bacterial growth. The desired products are then separated from the medium and commercialized.
Production with the help of microbes is not only cost effective but also saves time and is nature friendly. As the rate of reproduction of bacteria is much higher the rate of production of the desired product is directly proportional to it (maximum production in very less time).
Bacteria are being used widely in pharmaceutical, food industry, cosmetic, beverage, and many more.
They are used in pharmaceutical industries to produce antibiotics, enzymes, steroids, and other micro ingredients. Insulin production is one of the biggest example of why microbial production is a boon to the humankind.
It is used in food industries for flavoring, products like monosodium glutamate, citric acid, etc.
It also plays a vital role in beverage industry in wine production, brewing of beer, etc.
They are also used in leather industries for tanning of leather.