Question

How does bacteria protect their own DNA against restriction enzymes?

Answer 1

Interestingly, restriction enzymes don't cleave their own DNA. ... Bacteria preventtheir own DNA from chop down byrestriction enzyme through methylation of the restriction sites. Methylation of DNA isa very familiar way to modify DNA function and bacterial DNA is highly methylated.

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Answer 2

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This is a fascinating example of how evolution works! The restriction enzymes in bacteria function to defend themselves against invading viruses (bacteriophages). The DNA sequence the restriction enzymes recognize are present in the viral DNA but also in the DNA of the bacteria itself.

Bacteria prevent eating away their own DNA by masking the restriction sites with methyl groups (CH3). Methylation of DNA is a common way to modify DNA function and bacterial DNA is highly methylated. In this case it functions to make the restriction sites unrecognizable for the restriction enzymes.

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