How does carbon sequestration happen in plants?
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Terrestrial sequestration involves the capture and storage of carbon dioxide by plants and the storage of carbon in soil. During photosynthesis, carbon from atmospheric carbon dioxide is transformed into components necessary for plants to live and grow.Terrestrial sequestration involves the capture and storage of carbon dioxide by plants and the storage of carbon in soil. During photosynthesis, carbon from atmospheric carbon dioxide is transformed into components necessary for plants to live and grow. As part of this process, the carbon present in the atmosphere as carbon dioxide becomes part of the plant: a leaf, stem, root, etc. Long-lived plants like trees might keep the carbon sequestered for a long period of time. Once the tree dies, or as limbs, leaves, seeds, or blossoms drop from the tree, the plant material decomposes and the carbon is released. The figure to the right depicts natural terrestrial sequestration.
As part of the natural process, some of the carbon is released into the atmosphere, but some carbon is captured within the soil and increases the soil's organic matter content. Soil organic matter consists of the living mass of microorganisms in soil and the decomposed residues like humus. This soil organic carbon component has been calculated to be about twice the amount of carbon present in the atmosphere, and about 2.5 times the amount of carbon present in the plants living on the soil. As part of the carbon cycle, the carbon present in the decomposing plant material and present within the soil is retained in the soil, or is consumed by soil organisms. Soil organisms respire carbon dioxide into the soil, which then diffuses into the atmosphere.
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As part of the natural process, some of the carbon is released into the atmosphere, but some carbon is captured within the soil and increases the soil's organic matter content. Soil organic matter consists of the living mass of microorganisms in soil and the decomposed residues like humus. This soil organic carbon component has been calculated to be about twice the amount of carbon present in the atmosphere, and about 2.5 times the amount of carbon present in the plants living on the soil. As part of the carbon cycle, the carbon present in the decomposing plant material and present within the soil is retained in the soil, or is consumed by soil organisms. Soil organisms respire carbon dioxide into the soil, which then diffuses into the atmosphere.
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Soil carbon sequestration is a process in which CO2 is removed from the atmosphere and stored in the soil carbon pool. This process is primarily mediated by plants through photosynthesis, with carbon stored in the form of SOC.
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