Question

How does HSAB principle govern the occurrence of minerals and poisoning of metal catalysts?​

Answer 1

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According to HSAB concept, hard acids prefer binding to the hard bases to give ionic complexes, whereas the soft acids prefer binding to soft bases to give covalent complexes. * The electronegativities of soft acids and soft bases are almost same and hence have less ionic interactions. ...

Answer 2

Answer:

The HSAB acronym stands for "hard and soft (Lewis) acids and bases." HSAB is widely used in chemistry to explain compound stability, reaction mechanisms, and pathways.

Explanation:

It classifies chemical species as 'hard' or'soft,' and 'acid' or 'base.' The term 'hard' refers to species that are small, have high charge states (the charge criterion applies primarily to acids, but also to bases to a lesser extent), and are weakly polarizable. Soft species are large, have low charge states, and are highly polarizable.

HSAB principle govern the occurrence of minerals and poisoning of metal catalysts as follows:-

• The HSAB principle can explain metal catalyst poisoning. Catalysts include metals such as Ni, Pt, Pd, Cr, and Mo (soft acids).
• CO, unsaturated hydrocarbons, phosphorous, and arsenic-containing ligands can easily poison these metal catalysts.
• The soft acid-soft base interactions between soft metal ions and soft ligands are responsible for this poisoning.
• These ligands are strongly adsorbed on the metal's surface, obstructing the active sites.
• Hard bases or ligands containing N, O, or F have no effect on these soft acid catalysts.

                       

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