Question

How does ph and temperature affect enzyme activity?

Answer 1

Every enzyme has a optimum pH and temperature. At this condition the enzymatic activity is seen to reach the maximum value. Enzymes show lower activity under low temperature and pH and it gradually increases with increasing the values. But after reaching it's optimum value it's activity again decreases with increasing pH and temperature.
Another point to be noted is that at higher temperatures and pH the enzymes get "denatured" i.e. they completely lose their enzymatic activity.

Answer 2

Effect of Temperature:

The temperature at which enzymes show highest activity is called optimum temperature. In human, 37 degree Celsius is the optimum temperature for enzyme activity.

Low temperature preserves the enzyme in a temporarily inactive state whereas high temperature destroys enzymatic activity because proteins are denatured by heat. Denaturation is loss of tertiary structure.

Effect of pH:

The pH at which a particular enzyme shows highest activity is called its optimum pH.

Alternation in pH affects tertiary structure of enzyme and hence its activity.

Example: Pepsin acts in acidic pH provided by HCl in stomach whereas trypsin works well in basic pH.

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