Question

how does quantum numbers get information about electron​

Answer 1

$\huge{\boxed{\purple{Quantum\;Numbers}}}$

$\bold{\red{Definition;-}}$

• Quantum numbers are intoduced by group of scientists to know the postion on electron in an orbit of an atom

These quantum numbers are of four types

1. Principle Quantum number
2. Azimuthal Quantum number
3. Magnetic Quantum number
4. Spin Quantum number

$\large{\boxed{\green{Principle\;Quantum\;number}}}$

• It is proposed by Neil's Bohr
• It is denoted by "n"
• It signifies the size and energy of the orbit
• It has numbers from n = 1,2,3,......
• Maximum number of electrons in a shell can be given by,$2{n}^{2}$
• In a Bohr orbit , the angular momentum of an electron in its $n^{th}$ is given by,
• $mvr\;=\dfrac{nh}{2\pi}$

$\large{\boxed{\green{Azimuthal\;Quantum\;number}}}$

• It is proposed by Sommerfield
• It is denoted by "l"
• The value of l can be given by, they depend on values on n
• l = 0,1,2,......(n-1)
• It indicates the shape of the orbital

$\large{\boxed{\green{Magnetic\;Quantum\;number}}}$

• It is proposed by Lande
• It is denoted by "m"
• It indicates the sub-sub energy levels of the orbital
• The values of of m depends on "l".
• The values of m are from -l to +l
• The total values of m are given by , m = 2l+1
• The number of electrons in s,p,d and f orbital are 1, 3, 5, 7

$\large{\boxed{\green{Spin\;Quantum\;number}}}$

• It is proposed by Goudsmith and Uhlenbeck
• It is denoted by "s"
• It is independent of other quantum numbers
• The values of s are :-
• $\dfrac{1}{2}\;and\;\dfrac{-1}{2}$

• If the electron revolves in anti clockwise then the spin is represented by $\dfrac{-1}{2}$
• If the electron revolves in clockwise then the spin is represented by $\dfrac{1}{2}$
• The maximum number of electrons in an orbital = 2