Question

How does releasing photon cause electron to jump down physics stack john rennie hamiltonian

Answer 1

           If you consider an electron in an isolated atom then we get a set of states for that electron, these states being the eigenstates of the Hamiltonian. These eigenstates are time independent so excited states are stable and never decay, which seems odd at first glance because of course excited states do decay. The reason for this is that an EM wave has an oscillating electric field and you have to include the electric field in the Hamiltonian. When you do this the eigenstates of the isolated atom are no longer eigenstates of the atom + EM wave so the system will evolve with time.

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