Question

how does short circuit form ?
its effect?

Answer 1

A common type of short circuit occurs when the positive and negative terminals of a battery are connected with a low-resistance conductor, like a wire. With a low resistance in theconnection, a high current will flow, causing the delivery of a large amount of energy in a short period of time.

Answer 2

Basically travelling of current in unintended path having very low impedance is known as short circuit in electrical terms. This results in an excessive amount of current flowing into the circuit which may result in sparks and probably burning the conducting paths and if it persist it may result in fire and then huge damage.

Proper insulation of conducting paths, selection of cables with appropriate current ratings, use of fuse for excessive current protection are the majors which we can take in order to avoid the short circuit.Short circuit means live wire and netrual wire directly come in the contact and the current is increasing rapidly, here resistance is zero so the current is infinite.