how does the digestion take place in ruminants briefly explain it in minimum 90 words
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Answer:
Ruminants are mammals that are able to acquire nutrients from plant-based food by fermenting it in a specialized stomach prior to digestion, principally through microbial actions. The process typically requires the fermented ingesta (known as cud) to be regurgitated and chewed again. The process of rechewing the cud to further break down plant matter and stimulate digestion is called rumination. The word “ruminant” comes from the Latin ruminare, which means “to chew over again”.There are roughly 150 species of ruminants that include both domestic and wild species.
Ruminating mammals include cattle, goats, sheep, giraffes, yaks, deer, antelope etc.
In this section, you will learn about the digestion process in ruminants.
Digestion process in Ruminants
Dentition in ruminants:
Dentition is quite different in rumination.
Incisors are absent on the upper jaw.
Canines are absent in both the jaws.
Molars are very strong as these animals, chew the cud.
Rumination: Ruminants swallow the food without chewing. After feeding, they bring the food from the stomach back into the mouth and chew it leisurely. This process is called rumination and such animals are called as ruminants. Rumination is also called second chewing.
The process of digestion in ruminants:
Grass-eating animals swallow the food quickly and store it in the rumen. Rumen also inhabits cellulose digesting bacteria which establish a symbiotic relationship with the animal stomach.
Digestion in ruminants is a good example of symbiosis. Microorganisms present in the stomach of ruminants help in digesting cellulose and in turn obtain shelter and nourishment form the animal. A symbiotic relationship exists between microorganisms and the ruminants.
As rumen is full, the food is taken into second part of the stomach, the reticulum.
Digestive juices of the reticulum partially digest the food. The partially digested food in the reticulum is called as cud.
While resting, cow brings back the cud into the mouth for regurgitation.
Food is chewed completely and swallowed into omasum for further digestion.
Then the food moves into abomasum for digestion brought about by digestive juices.
A large sac-like structure called the caecum lies between the small and large intestines.
The symbiotic bacteria present in the caecum help in the complete digestion of cellulose. Digestion of food is completed in the intestine.
As the symbiotic bacteria are not present in the human digestive system, humans cannot digest cellulose.
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Answer:
The process of digestion in ruminants:
Grass-eating animals swallow the food quickly and store it in the rumen. ... As rumen is full, the food is taken into second part of the stomach, the reticulum. Digestive juices of the reticulum partially digest the food. The partially digested food in the reticulum is called as cud.
They are herbivorous animals. Therefore, the digestive system of ruminants is evolved with the presence of a rumen which is a complex stomach with four different compartments. Humans are omnivorous who depend on plant and animal matter both thus, their digestive system composes of one stomach.
Due to half way digestion the food matter becomes softer than earlier and the animal can chew it well. Again they swallow the chewed food for the second time where further digestion is carried on. Thus ruminants digest their food in two steps as they swallow the same food twice.
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