Question

How does the electron gain enthalies vary across a period down a group

Answer 1

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QUESTION ;- how does electron gain enthalphies vary across a period down a group????


ANSWEER:- Variation in electron gain enthalpy in the period: In the modern periodic table on moving from left to right across a period, the atomic size of elements decreases and the effective nuclear charge increases. Thus, the force of attraction between the nucleus and added electron increases. Hence, electron gain enthalpy becomes more negative while moving right across a period.

Variation of electron gain enthalpy in a group: when we move down in a group becomes less negative. This is because, as we go down the group both the atomic size and nuclear charge increases, but the effect of atomic size is more prominent than that of nuclear charge. Hence, the force of attraction

between the nucleus and the added electron decreases and thus enthalpy becomes less negative.

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