Question

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How does the negative electronic energy (En) for hydrogen atom mean?
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Answer 1

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Negative Electronic energy for hydrogen atom means that the energy released by the atom and it states that the hydrogen atom is displaced from higher energy orbit to lower energy orbit. This negative sign means that the energy of the electron in the atom is lower than energy of a free electron at rest.

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Answer 2

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For a free electron i.e. an electron not bound to any nucleus,its potential is assumed to be 0. The potential energy of an electron is negative because work was done on the electron by the nucleus to bring the free electron from infinity to that point. ... Hence total energy of an electron is negative.

The energy is expressed as a negative number because it takes that much energy to unbind (ionize) the electron from the nucleus. It is common convention to say an unbound electron has zero (binding) energy. ... For example an electron in the ground state has an energy of -13.6 eV. The second energy level is -3.4 eV.

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